Chuyen doi thong tin trang thai nguoi dung sang Windows XP

Cong ty ban vua mua moi mot loat may tinh cho nhan vien va sap “tu gia” cac he dieu hanh Windows 98 va Windows NT 4.0 cu ky. Van de o cho lam the nao ma ban co the chuyen de suon se cau hinh, ket noi mang, ung dung, tai lieu, phan Favorites, cookies va nhieu thu khac cua tung may tinh cu sang he thong may moi? Noi cac khac, lam the nao ma ban co the chuyen doi thong tin trang thai nguoi dung tu cac may cu sang may moi?

De lam duoc dieu nay, ban se can toi mot cong cu rat huu ich cua Microsoft co ten User State Migration Tool (USMT) - co the tim thay trong thu muc \Valueadd\Msft\Usmt cua CD Windows Server 2003 (chu y: phien ban USMT trong CD nay la 2.5, hien Microsoft da co phien ban 2.6 download tai dia chi: http://www.microsoft.com/downloads/details.aspx?FamilyID=4af2d2c9-f16c-4c52-a203-8daf944dd555&DisplayLang=en).

Tien ich chinh ma cong cu nay mang lai chinh la viec giam thoi gian downtime (truc trac), giam chi phi ho tro, va lam cho qua trinh chuyen doi tron tru hon. Ngoai ra, cong cu nay co the su dung trong cac tinh huong: format o cung tren cac may cu va cai lai he dieu hanh Windows XP tren do, va thay the may cu bang may moi. Tinh huong duy nhat ma cong cu nay khong the su dung la nang cap; tuy nhien se la an toan hon neu ban luu tru thong tin trang thai nguoi dung tren mang chia se, va trong tinh huong nang cap co van de, ban chi can cai lai “sach se” (fresh install) tu dau.

Chu y: Neu ban da tung su dung thuat si Files and Settings Transfer Wizard cua Windows XP thi ve co ban USMTcung co chuc nang tuong tu, cong them kha nang ca nhan hoa mot so cong viec khac, chang han nhu chuyen doi cau hinh Registry cu the nao do.

Chuyen doi cai gi?

O trang thai cau hinh mac dinh, USMT se chuyen doi cac thong tin sau tu may tinh nguoi dung:

• Cau hinh Internet Explorer, bao gom thu muc Favorites va Cookies

• Cau hinh Outlook va Outlook Express, bao gom ca “kho” luu tru mail

• Cau hinh ung dung cua cac thanh phan Microsoft Office va cac loai tep tin Office thong dung

• Noi dung thu muc Desktop, bao gom thu muc My Documents va My Pictures.

• O mang va may in

• Font chu

• Cac ket noi Dial-up

• Cac cau hinh khac: dien thoai va modem; accessibility; chuot va ban phim; lua chon vung mien; am thanh; cac lua chon screensaver

Nhung cau hinh nay co the chuyen doi tu cac may Windows 95, Windows 98, Windows 98 Second Edition, Windows ME, Windows NT, hoac Windows 2000 Professional (Service Pack 4) sang Windows XP Professional (co ban Service Pack). Ban cung co the chuyen doi nhung thuoc tinh tu Windows XP, Windows XP Service Pack 1, hoac Windows XP Service Pack 2 sang mot may Windows XP khac. Nhung tinh nang nay mang lai cho USMT mot kha nang rat tuyet: tao cac ban sao luu thong tin trang thai nguoi dung tren cac may XP va luu tru chung tren cac mang chia se. Trong truong hop co mot may nao do bi truc trac, ban chi can cai XP tu dau va copy toan bo thong tin trang thai nguoi dung vao may do la xong.

Hoat dong

USMT thuong bao gom 2 cong cu, cong them mot so tep tin INF. Nhung cong cu nay bao gom:

• ScanState.exe - dung de chay tren cac PC cu de copy trang thai thong tin nguoi dung len mang chia se.

• LoadState.exe - dung de chay tren cac may moi de phuc hoi thong tin trang thai nguoi dung tu mang chia se.

Tep tin INF hoat dong chinh o day chinh la Sysfiles.inf, ban co the chinh sua tep tin nay de xac dinh xem nhung cau hinh ung dung, loai file, thu muc va tep tin nao duoc chuyen doi khi chay hai ung dung tren. Cac tep tin INF khac nhu Migapp.inf, Miguser.inf, va Migsys.inf cung co the dieu chinh lai de kiem soat qua trinh chuyen doi.

Ban hay can trong khi dieu chinh cac tep tin nay boi no co the se thay doi Regstry tren he thong dich. Bat cu su thay doi nao cho cac tep tin nay nen kiem tra truoc khi ban trien khai cho qua trinh chuyen doi de chac rang khong co truc trac phat sinh ngoai y muon.

Mot kha nang tuyet voi nua cua USMT la tep tin EXE cua chuong trinh nay co the chay bang script de tu dong hoa qua trinh chuyen doi cau hinh nguoi dung tu may cu sang may moi.

Ket luan

USMT la cong cu tuyet voi de don gian hoa qua trinh chuyen doi thong tin trang thai nguoi dung tu cac he may chay he dieu hanh cu sang Windows XP de giam thieu thoi gian downtime. Ban co the tim thay nhieu chuc nang bo ich cua USMT tai website Microsoft TechNet.

 Theo Tap chi Infoworld - BCVT